Red XIII is a melee fighter, and his power can be enhanced using hairclips. These don't show up in battle, at least not to my knowledge, so there are no screenshots.

Tifa's martial arts skills also make her a very powerful melee fighter. She can equip armored or spiked gloves in order to deal more damage per blow. In order to damage the enemy, she has to get in close, lowering accuracy and making long range attacks impossible.

Barret lost his right arm to the Shinra, and has had a gun grafted in its place. A variety of long-range weaponry is available to him, as are a few melee attachments. His accuracy suffers slightly as a result.

Vincent is a true marksman, and can attack the enemy from afar with increased accuracy. He uses a range of guns, including handguns and rifles, but none of which require ammunition to fire.

Cait Sith somehow manages to use a megaphone to attack. Quite how he uses it is a mystery, as in battle he will run up to an enemy and have the moogle attack them.

Aeris is a traditional white mage, and attacks with a staff or a rod. It's not a very elegant attack, just swinging the weapon two-handed at the enemy, and it does less damage than other weapons.

Yuffie owns a variety of sharpened boomerangs and shuriken, and even some peculiar objects like a paper swan. She can throw these at the enemy, giving her the advantage of long-range attacks.

Cid uses a spear in his attacks in traditional Dragoon style. His most powerful spears feature some particularly nasty spikes and blades. During some of his Limit Breaks, he will leap into the enemy spear-first.

Cloud's weapon of choice is the sword. Being the central character, he has the widest selection and the most powerful weapons. The majoirty share a common feature: they are obscenely large. This does mean that he can perform powerful cleaving attacks.

Protection is provided by bracelets and other wrist adornments, which (with two exceptions) may be equipped by anyone. As well as providing protection against physical and magical attack, they also serve as further materia slots.